What is Spinal Stenosis?
Spinal stenosis is a medical condition characterized by the narrowing of the spinal canal. This narrowing can put pressure on the spinal cord and the nerves that travel through the spine to your arms and legs. While it can occur anywhere along the spine, it's most common in the lower back (lumbar stenosis) and the neck (cervical stenosis).
Common Causes and Risk Factors
The most common cause of spinal stenosis is the natural aging process. Over time, tissues in the spine can thicken, and bones can enlarge, leading to a smaller spinal canal. Key contributing factors include:
- Osteoarthritis: The breakdown of cartilage in your spine's joints can lead to bone spurs that grow into the spinal canal.
- Thickened Ligaments: The tough cords that help hold your spine together can become stiff and thick over time, bulging into the spinal canal.
- Herniated Discs: The soft cushions between your vertebrae can crack and leak material, pressing on the spinal cord or nerves.
- Spinal Injuries: Trauma from accidents can cause dislocations or fractures that damage the spinal canal.
Symptoms of Spinal Stenosis
Symptoms often start gradually and worsen over time. They can vary depending on the location of the stenosis:
- In the neck (Cervical Stenosis): Numbness or tingling in a hand, arm, foot or leg; weakness in a hand, arm, foot or leg; problems with walking and balance; neck pain.
- In the lower back (Lumbar Stenosis): Numbness or tingling in a foot or leg; weakness in a foot or leg; pain or cramping in one or both legs when you stand for long periods of time or when you walk, which usually eases when you bend forward or sit.
Our Treatment Approach
At the Behrens Spine & Joint Institute, we begin with a comprehensive diagnosis, including a physical exam and advanced imaging, to understand the precise cause of your symptoms. Our treatment philosophy is to start with the most conservative options first.
Non-Surgical Treatments
Many patients find significant relief with non-surgical methods aimed at reducing pain and improving function. These may include physical therapy, anti-inflammatory medications, or guided pain management injections.
Surgical Treatments
When conservative treatments are not enough, Dr. Behrens may recommend surgery to create more space within the spinal canal. He is an expert in minimally invasive techniques designed to reduce recovery time. Procedures include:
- Laminectomy: This procedure involves removing the back part (lamina) of the affected vertebra to relieve pressure.
- Spinal Fusion: This may be recommended to permanently connect two or more vertebrae for greater stability, especially if multiple levels are affected.