What is a Rotator Cuff Tear?
The rotator cuff is a group of four muscles and their tendons that surround the shoulder joint, keeping the head of your upper arm bone firmly within the shallow socket of the shoulder. A rotator cuff tear occurs when one or more of these tendons is torn, either partially or completely, from the bone.
Common Causes and Risk Factors
Rotator cuff tears can happen suddenly from an injury or develop gradually over time. Causes include:
- Acute Injury: Falling on an outstretched arm or lifting something too heavy can cause an immediate tear.
- Degenerative Tears: Most tears are the result of wear and tear over time. Repetitive overhead activities (like painting or tennis) or a simple lack of blood supply as we age can cause tendons to fray and tear.
- Age: The risk of a tear increases significantly after age 40.
- Bone Spurs: Overgrowth of bone on the top of the shoulder blade (acromion) can rub on the rotator cuff tendon, causing a tear.
Symptoms of a Rotator Cuff Tear
Symptoms may vary depending on the severity of the tear. Common signs include:
- Dull ache deep in the shoulder.
- Pain that worsens at night or prevents you from sleeping on the affected side.
- Weakness when lifting or rotating your arm.
- Difficulty with activities like combing your hair or reaching behind your back.
- A crackling sensation when moving your shoulder in certain positions.
Our Treatment Approach
A correct diagnosis using a physical exam and imaging (like an MRI or ultrasound) is crucial. Dr. Behrens will then recommend a treatment plan tailored to your age, activity level, and the severity of the tear.
Non-Surgical Treatments
For partial tears or degenerative tears in less active patients, non-surgical treatment is often very successful. This includes rest, activity modification, anti-inflammatory medication, and physical therapy to restore strength and flexibility.
Surgical Treatments
For complete tears, acute injuries, or when non-surgical methods fail, surgery may be recommended. Dr. Behrens specializes in minimally invasive techniques to repair the tendon:
- Arthroscopic Repair: Using a small camera and specialized instruments, the torn tendon is re-anchored to the bone. This minimally invasive approach results in less pain and a faster recovery.
- Shoulder Replacement: In cases of a massive, irreparable tear, a reverse total shoulder replacement may be the best option to restore function.